Bergamot essential oil is a cold-pressed oil extracted from the cells inside the rind of a bergamot orange fruit. It’s commonly used as a flavoring and top note in perfumes. The scent of bergamot essential oil is akin to a sweet, light orange peel oil with a hint of floral undertones.
The traditional sfumatura or slow-folding process was used to manually extract bergamot oil. Today, modern methods involve machines called peelers that scrape the fruit's exterior under running water to create an emulsion. This emulsion is then separated in centrifuges to isolate the essence from the water. From the rinds of about 100 bergamot oranges, you can obtain roughly 3 ounces (85 grams) of bergamot oil.
Bergamot essential oil is widely used in cosmetics, aromatherapy, and as a flavoring in food and beverages. Its citrus scent makes it a natural choice for flavoring and deodorizing. The volatile oils from bergamot orange are listed as flavoring agents in the USP Food Chemicals Codex and are generally recognized as safe for human consumption by the Food and Drug Administration. For instance, Earl Grey tea often contains bergamot essential oil as a key flavoring component.
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